July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
VENOUS DISEASE 7. What noninvasive test is used to diagnose acute DVT? Show answer Duplex ultrasound has replaced venous occlusion plethysmography as the accepted standard. Colorflow duplex is useful because it helps to identify small veins...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE 3. Which noninvasive tests should be used to diagnose extracranial carotid artery disease? Show answer Duplex ultrasound has a sensitivity of 97% in detecting carotid artery disease and an accuracy of 95% in correctly...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
73 NONINVASIVE VASCULAR DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY Darrell N. Jones Ph.D. 1. What is the role of the vascular diagnostic laboratory (VDL) in the assessment and treatment of patients with suspected vascular disease? Show answer Although...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
72 VENOUS DISEASE Thomas A. Whitehill M.D., Mark Nehler M.D. 1. Where does deep venous thrombosis (DVT) originate? Show answer More than 95% of DVTs develop in the deep veins of the lower extremities; the majority originate in the...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
71 ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM Mark Nehler M.D., William C. Krupski M.D. 1. What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)? Show answer A ≥ 50% increase in normal aortic diameter. Normal infrarenal aortic diameter is 2.0 cm for men. A...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
CONTROVERSY 29. What is the role of CEA? Show answer Although CEA remains the standard of care for carotid artery disease, percutaneous angioplasty with stenting has been investigated as an alternative. The underlying rationale is to decrease...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
70 CAROTID DISEASE Rao Gutta M.D., B. Timothy Baxter M.D. 1. What diseases affect the carotid arteries? Show answer Atherosclerosis is by far the most common (accounting for 90% of lesions in the Western world). The carotid also can be...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
69 ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY Mark Nehler M.D., William C. Krupski M.D. 1. Describe claudication and its physiology. Show answer Intermittent claudication consists of reproducible lower extremity muscular pain induced by exercise and relieved by...
July 10, 2009 | In: VASCULAR SURGERY
68 WHAT IS ATHEROSCLEROSIS? Craig H. Selzman M.D. 1. Are elderly individuals the only ones who have atherosclerosis? Show answer No. The initial (or type I) lesion, consisting of lipid deposits in the intima, has been well characterized in...
July 9, 2009 | In: Uncategorized
These secrets are 100 of the top board alerts. They summarize the concepts, principles, and most salient details of surgical practice. Clinical determinants of brain death are the loss of the papillary, corneal, oculovestibular,...
July 9, 2009 | In: BREAST SURGERY
62 PRIMARY THERAPY FOR BREAST CANCER Benjamin O. Anderson M.D. 1. How is breast cancer diagnosed? Show answer A diagnosis requires tissue confirmation by needle sampling or surgical biopsy. Excisional biopsy is the gold standard: the...
July 9, 2009 | In: WHAT IS CANCER
67 NECK MASSES Nathan W. Pearlman M.D. 1. What causes lumps in the neck? Show answer Enlarged lymph nodes, benign or malignant tumors, congenital abnormalities, and normal anatomy. 2. Can neck masses be part of normal anatomy?...
July 9, 2009 | In: WHAT IS CANCER
66 HODGKIN'S DISEASE AND MALIGNANT LYMPHOMAS Christina A. Finlayson M.D. 1. What is the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy? Show answer The significance of cervical, axillary, or inguinal lymphadenopathy depends on the...
July 9, 2009 | In: WHAT IS CANCER
65 PAROTID TUMORS Joyesh K. Raj M.D., William R. Nelson M.D. 1. What is the differential diagnosis of a mass located in front of the ear in a patient of any age? Show answer If the mass is painless, discrete, nontender, and located just...
July 9, 2009 | In: WHAT IS CANCER
64 MELANOMA Mark D. Walsh Jr. M.D., William R. Nelson M.D., Joyesh K. Raj M.D. 1. What is melanoma? Show answer The term melanoma implies a malignant tumor; malignant melanoma is redundant. The most malignant of all skin cancers, melanoma...
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